Johann Cesar VI. Godeffroy (7 July 1813, Kiel - 9 February 1885, Dockenhuden near Blankenese) was a German trader and Hanseat.
He was the founder of Museum Godeffroy.
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The Godeffroys were French Huguenot s of La Rochelle. In 1737 they were forced to flee France to avoid religious persecution after events following the Edict of Fontainbleau in 1685. The family sought asylum in Germany and finally settled in the trading port of Hamburg finally founding a trading empire known as J.C. Godeffroy & Sohn .At first the trade was in Western Europe and the West Indies with linen s as an export item the goods returning to Hamburg including copper, coffee, wine figs, and sugar from Cuba. Under Johann Cesar VI Godeffroy out posts were established in Havana and in Valparaiso, and he built a fleet of trading ships that, at its peak, numbered 27. Amongst these were the sailing barques "Johann Caesar", "Peter Godeffroy", "La Rochelle", "Wandram", "Suzanne", "Iserbrook" and the "Victoria". In 1855, trade was expanded into the Pacific following negotiations by August Unshelm, Godeffroy’s agent in Valparaiso, He sailed out to the Navigator Islands, The Friendly Islands, Fiji, and finally Tahiti.
The trading business in the Pacific was very profiable and new outposts and plantations were established in many Pacific Islands. The goods were copra, coconut oil and luxuries such as pearl. In 1860, a central outpost, directing Pacific operations was established in Apia. Johann Godeffroy was also able to take advantage of an immigration scheme to Southern Africa and between October 1859 and September 1883 no less than 36 ships sailed for southern Africa, bringing hundreds of German families to the Western Cape, the Eastern Cape, British Kaffraria and Natal. In the financial crash of the late 1850 s, the firm supplemented its revenue by taking on passengers to the Australian gold rush and the California gold rush. The German government supported and utilized the Godeffroy company as part of colonial policy in the Pacific Islands and for the next twenty years, the Godeffroy ships traded cargo and shipping passengers. Johann Godeffroy was also able to take advantage of an immigration scheme to Southern Africa and between October 1859 and September 1883 no less than 36 ships sailed for southern Africa, bringing hundreds of German families to the Western Cape, the Eastern Cape, British Kaffraria and Natal. Nevertheless In the early 1880s the company went bankrupt following the Panic of 1873 despite a loan from Barings Bank of 60,000 pound sterling.
Johan Godeffroy attended the town school of Katharineum of Lübeck from about 1821 to 1830, as did his younger brothers and his older brother Gustav Adolph.He then trained at Parish & Co.[1] whose owner Richard Parish was married to Susanne Godeffroy, a daughter of Peter Godeffroy, brother of his grandfather. An internship in England followed. Towards the end of 1835, he joined his father's company, "John Ces. Godeffroy & Sohn " and on 1 January 1837 he became a shareholder. After the death of his father Johan V. Cesar Godeffroy on 3 July 1845 he took over the company. In this year he was elected to the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce. From 1846 he negotiated partnerships and mergers with various companies notably "Elb-Kupferwerk" (copper ore processors) and "Reiherstieg Hermann V. Roos" (shipbuilders). In 1857 he took control of the newly established "L. R. Beit, Gold- und Silber-Affinerie" now Aurubis AG. Other business arrangements were made with "Tesdorf FJ & Son", "Elbhütte Affinir- und Handelsgesellschaft" and "Elb-Zuckersiederei" (sugar refiners). In these years also co-founded the North German Bank and the North German Insurance Company. Due to lack of liquidity the company John Ces. Godeffroy & Sohn 1879 began legal process with its creditors. This took over 30 years but finally in 1913 the company name "John Ces. Godeffroy & Sohn" was erased from the Register.
On on 2 February 1837 Johan Cesar VI. Godeffroy married Emily Hanbury (1815–1894) whose family had close trading ties with Livorno. The couple had five children, with Johan Cesar Godeffroy VII, the eldest son. His brother Gustav Godeffroy was a Senator for the city of Hamburg in the Frankfurt National Assembly and Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Norddeutsche Bank. His brother, Adolph Godeffroy in 1847 was co-founder of the passenger line "Hamburg-Amerikanischen Packetfahrt-AG“ (HAPAG)" (HAPAG) and until 1880 the presiding director.
During the winter months the family lived in the upper floors of a house in the Old Wandrahm, office spaces occupied the lower floor. This house was built around 1880. The rest of the year they lived far outside the city Dockenhuden, today a district of Blankenese in a cottage built by the Danish architect Christian Frederik Hansen around 1792 de:Landhaus J. C. Godeffroy. Nearby, in the area known as Iserbrook, he planted extensive woodlands where Hamburg bourgeoisie, notably Ernst Merck, William Henry O'Swald, Corad Hinrich Donner Johann Heinrich Schröder and Robert Miles Sloman were entertained at a tennis club.This is now Hirschpark de:Hirschpark. He also established a horse farm. In June 1836 with his younger brother, Adolph, Carl Merck, Charles Parish, Dr. Edward Sieveking, Dr. Johann Gustav Heckscher and five other enthusiasts he founded the Hamburg Rowing Club.It is the oldest sailing club on the European continent and still exists today. From 1859 to 1864 he sat as a member of the Hamburg Parliament.
Starting Pacific trading in Cochin-China and supported by merged, partner companies, share-holders (including Otto von Bismarck) and bankers in Hamburg and under the close direction of Johan Caesar VI Godeffroy the company was soon throughout the South Seas, with centres of operation at Apia and Valparaiso, and a fleet of trading barques, brigs and schooners, which traded through the islands from China to the Pacific coast flying the company colours - a white flag with a ribboned golden dove on a blue horizontal bar with golden stripes, below the bar is a blue inscription: "J.C.G. & S. In Apia the company supplied arms and ammunition from an armaments subsidiary at Liege. These were supplied to the warring factions on Apia in exchange for 25,000 acres of the finest alluvial soil soon transformed into plantations of, mainly, copra or coconut oil, pearl-shell or sea-island cotton. These were worked by over 1,000 labourers imported from Melanesia. Another plantation of 3,000 acres was later started at Yap in the Pelew Group, in the Ellice Group the island of Nukufetau was acquired for its harbour and in 1873 trading posts were established in the Bismarck archipelago. At Apia they had a shipbuilding yard and repairing sheds. The ships never insured and their captains were paid commission of three per cent, on the net profit of each voyage. Ships always left Apia under sealed orders to disguise their intentions from competitors. More innovative was the introduction of debased South American currencies as the sole means of exchange so controlling the money.
Beginning as a personal collection of birds, shells, fish and other animals as well as cultural objects from all localities visited by the Godeffroy ships Godeffroy's natural history cabinet grew in size until it occupied a cluttered warehouse. It was time to find a proper place to house, list, organize and finally display them to a fascinated public and in 1860 Godeffroy wrote to Dr. Eduard Heinrich Graeffe (1833–1919) in Switzerland to request his services in founding a museum.The 28-year old Swiss zoologist accepted and boarded a train for Hamburg in 1861. After a short time the Museum Godeffroy was founded and Gräffe was sent to the Pacific in October 1861 to supervise the acquisition of more material. He settled in Apia and directed the Godeffroy operations there for the next decade while also collecting in Tahiti, Fiji, Tonga, Australia, Samoa and other South Pacific Islands. Other scientific collectors were hired by the company who, working in different areas of the Pacific ocean, helped increase the holdings of the Museum with their successful collecting of birds, mammals, fishes, shells, butterflies, beetles and other insects, plants and ethnographic objects. The museum also functioned as a natural history dealership. On the establishment of the museum he was made an honorary member of Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte de:Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte.